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			 (deceased) 
			
			
			
			Join Date: Dec 2004 
				Location: OKLAHOMA, USA 
				
				
					Posts: 3,138
				 
				
				
				
				
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			NATURES CALTROPS, MINERAL, PLANT AND ANIMAL 
		
		
		
			#1 & #2. THORNS OF THE HONEY LOCUST I HAVE SEEN THEM UP TO 10 INCHES LONG AND THEY WORK WELL IN PIT TRAPS LARGE OR SMALL. ARROW POINTS, POISON DARTS AND FISH GIGS ARE EASILY MADE AS WELL. #3. MUREX SHELL NOT TO BE STEPPED ON WHILE WADEING BAREFOOT #4. SEA URCHIN, THIS KIND DOES HAVE POISON AND WILL BREAK OFF IN WOUNDS. I KNOW THEM TO BE VERY PAINFUL. #5. QUARTZ CRYSTALS THESE AS WELL AS MANY OTHER FORMS WOULD BE PAINFUL TO WALK ON BAREFOOT. #6. CACTUS MANY PLANTS HAVE SPIKED OR BURRED SEED PODS TO HELP SPREAD THE SEEDS. THORNS ON THE PLANT ARE MOSTLY FOR PROTECTION. CACTUS SPINES ARE A GOOD EXAMPLE.  | 
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			Join Date: Dec 2004 
				Location: NC, U.S.A. 
				
				
					Posts: 2,205
				 
				
				
				
				
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			I like the pics, Barry. Very natural and relaxing...in a way! Interesting to see how ethnographic people incorporated natural resources into their weaponry, such a water caltrops, shark's teeth swords and spears, etc. The pic of the wicked-looking thorn trees reminds me of readings about the pre-contact Figians and Solomon Islands people. They built their fortresses out of nearly non-penetrable hoary spined tropical trees and thorn trunks. A definite discouragement for entering! 
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
	Mark  | 
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		#3 | 
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			 (deceased) 
			
			
			
			Join Date: Dec 2004 
				Location: OKLAHOMA, USA 
				
				
					Posts: 3,138
				 
				
				
				
				
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			I REMEMBER IN MANY OLD BOOKS ABOUT AFRICA THE SAFARI OFTEN BUILT A ENCLOSURE OF THORN BUSHES AROUND THE CAMP AT NIGHT TO KEEP OUT LIONS AND ENEMYS. THEY CALLED IT A BOMBA I SUSPECT IT WAS LIKELY NOT FICTION BUT COMMON PRACTICE WHERE SUCH THORN BUSHES OR TREES WERE AVAILABLE.
		 
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
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			Join Date: Nov 2012 
				Location: Halstenbek, Germany 
				
				
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			Here is an other example for a simple and easy to build natural defensive armor similar to chevaux de frise. Made of the stems of fir trees (Abies) with shortened and pointed branches. A drawing in Jörg Kölderer: Befestigungen in Südtirol und Friaul. Tyrol, ca. 1508. ONB Vienna, HAD Cod. 2858, Folio 21r.
		 
		
		
		
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		#5 | 
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			Join Date: Feb 2008 
				
				
				
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			Greetings all, 
		
		
		
			I recently came upon this photo of two Canadian soldiers standing by boards with Caltrops set in. It is a World War One photo, the caltrops were set by the retreating German Army in 1917. The photo caption said that the caltrops were not very effective. Best regards to all, Brian Last edited by fernando; 17th September 2014 at 07:32 PM. Reason: image direction  | 
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