Given that the kaskara is very similar to Mamluk swords of the 13th to 15th centuries (and older Syrian swords), the 14th century (or earlier) is quite likely.
Mail armour and padded armour was used in the area by the 15th century. Don't know about the Sudan, but Niger, Chad, and Ethiopia at least. "Kanem-Bornu", "Kanem", and "Bornu" might be useful search terms for finding more info on armour.
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