Bloomery iron and bloomery slag is different than blast furnace iron and blast furnace slag, and both differ from modern more refined steels, in elemental compostion and often in structure/phases. It is not always easy to tell them apart through microstructure or elemental compostion, but people have studied the differences with some success. I did a bit of a review in my PhD on that if you or anyone wants more details. For dates, particularly more modern ones, I'd have to look it up.
Ann
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