Nice investigative piece this thread
The bit about the Transylvanian smugglers is interesting.
Wish I could bring in some more points but I've got nothing except to restate the Ottoman influence.
A thought about these two axes... they look like they might have been produced by the same smith, perhaps in a series, hence their look like a "type". Romanian tools and weapons were far more fluid though. The Polish ciupaga is a much more rigid and formalized, but there aren't any real Romanian "types" for any kind of sword or tool that I know of, as the area was heavily influenced by the Ottomans, Slavs, Hungarians and Saxons.
The original handles might have helped as wood carving can be very distinct.
Keep up the search :Thumbs up:
Emanuel