Thanks Jim and David for your input.
In this case I doubt that we can use European demonological sources, like the Keys of Solomon or the later Goetia, as David referred to. Instead I think we should focus on either universal Islamic sources (like Jim suggested with the Mamluks) or maybe Indian or Malay sources if we can't find it in Moro sources. I don't have the reference book around at the moment where I once found it as related to the talismanic signs attributed to Solomon (probably it was in one of Westermarck's books).
However, when googling I found this page that maybe gives some explanations why Cato thought it was the "Ring of Solomon" (compare "Sisinga Solaiman" in Cato with Sibniyyah Sulayman)?
http://islamic-arts.org/2011/the-eight-point-star/
Michael