It is in vain that you did not get acquainted with Sattarova's publications. Leather production flourished in the Volga Bulgaria long before the Kazan khans and continued under the Moscow tsars and Russian emperors. The 10th century Arabic author Al-Muqaddasi wrote about the famous Bulgari leather. Birch tar and "ворвань" - the fat of seals and walruses, obtained on the coast of the Arctic Ocean, were used in the manufacture of this type of leather. This made it unique and famous from Mongolia to Western Europe.
The photo shows a sample of "Kazan work" - a pair of luxurious traditional Tatar boots "ichigi". From Kazan, they were sold throughout Russia, as well as to Bukhara and other Central Asian states. Pay attention to the "Kazan stitching" or "Tatar stitching".
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